1Installing Linux and Using VMs / Containers

• 1.1Installing, Booting, Connecting to, and Shutting Down Linux

  Learn the basics of installing Linux on physical/virtual machines and starting, stopping, and connecting remotely: boot priority in UEFI/BIOS, install-time choices (package groups, time zone, GUI/CUI), stopping with shutdown/reboot/halt, and SSH public key authentication (authorized_keys, known_hosts).

• 1.2Virtual Machine and Container Concepts and Usage

  Learn the technologies behind VMs and containers: the relationship between the kernel, the hypervisor, and VMs; hardware virtualization support; how VMs differ from containers (guest OS vs shared kernel); and starting/stopping VMs with virsh and containers with docker.

• 1.3The Boot Process and systemd

  Learn the flow from power-on to a usable Linux system and boot target management with systemd: the UEFI/BIOS → boot loader → kernel → systemd sequence, setting/changing the default target with systemctl, switching to single-user mode (rescue), and shutdown/halt/reboot/poweroff.

• 1.4Creating, Monitoring, and Terminating Processes

  Learn basic process management: running jobs in the foreground/background (&, bg, fg, jobs), keeping work running after logout with nohup/screen/tmux, monitoring with top/ps/pstree/uptime/pgrep, and sending signals with kill/pkill/killall.

• 1.5Using Desktop Environments

  Learn the basics of desktop environments on the X Window System (X11): the roles of the X server and X clients, the differences among display managers, window managers, and integrated desktop environments, manual startup with startx, and remote GUI via the DISPLAY variable, xauth, and X11 forwarding.