2Design for New Solutions

• 2.1High Availability and Disaster Recovery

  Understand designs for availability and resilience—Multi-AZ/Multi-Region, RTO/RPO, the four DR strategies (backup & restore/pilot light/warm standby/multi-site), and Route 53 failover.

• 2.2Scalable, Loosely Coupled Architectures

  Understand elasticity and decoupling—Auto Scaling/ELB, decoupling with SQS/SNS/EventBridge, serverless (Lambda/API Gateway/Step Functions), and caching. Handle demand swings and contain failures.

• 2.3Choosing Data Stores and Encryption

  Understand the right data store and protection—choosing RDS/Aurora/DynamoDB/S3 storage classes, encryption with KMS, Secrets Manager, and encryption at rest/in transit. Select secure stores that fit requirements.

• 2.4Compute, Container, Database, Storage, and Network Services

  Building blocks for new solutions—simple/PaaS compute (App Runner, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail), hybrid/edge (Outposts, Wavelength, ECS Anywhere, EKS Anywhere, EKS Distro), purpose-built databases (Aurora Serverless, DocumentDB, Keyspaces, Neptune, Timestream), DR/archive/hybrid storage (Elastic Disaster Recovery, S3 Glacier, Storage Gateway), and global delivery (Global Accelerator)—by definition, role, and when to choose.

• 2.5Analytics, ML, IoT, Media, and Integration Services

  Building blocks for data-driven and intelligent features—analytics (Athena, EMR, OpenSearch Service, Kinesis Data Streams, Data Firehose, MSK, Managed Service for Apache Flink, Lake Formation, QuickSight, Data Exchange, AppFlow), machine learning (SageMaker AI, Rekognition, Comprehend, Textract, Transcribe, Translate, Polly, Kendra, Personalize, Fraud Detector), IoT (IoT Core, Greengrass, SiteWise, etc.), media (Kinesis Video Streams, Elastic Transcoder), application integration (AppSync, MQ), and blockchain/email (Managed Blockchain, SES).