2Managing across multiple database technologies

• 2.1Access management and monitoring/troubleshooting

  Understand IAM and policies for database connectivity/access control, managing user authentication/access, investigating slow queries/locking/missing indexes, monitoring vitals (RAM/CPU/storage/IO) and audit logging, quota management, resource contention, and alerts for errors and performance.

• 2.2Backup/recovery, cost/performance optimization, and automation

  Understand backup/recovery (automatic scheduled backups, export/import, RTO/RPO/PITR), data retention, optimizing cost/performance via scale up/out and replication strategies, query optimization, and automating common database tasks (index rebuilds, exports, upgrades, SLA/SLO monitoring).