What's changed: In-scope coverage: added other-category overview (API Gateway/Global Accelerator/PrivateLink/Transit Gateway/Client VPN/EventBridge/SNS/SQS/Step Functions/SES/Amplify/AppSync/IoT Core/WorkSpaces/AppStream/DocumentDB/SageMaker AI/CLI/CodeBuild/CodePipeline/X-Ray) and migration & transfer (Migration Hub/Discovery/Evaluator/MGN/DMS/SCT/Snow Family) to §4.3
4.2Database Services
Understand AWS managed databases—relational Amazon RDS (including Aurora) and NoSQL key-value Amazon DynamoDB—and when to use each.
Data is broadly relational (tables, fixed schema, SQL) or NoSQL (flexible schema), and AWS offers both as managed services (AWS handles patching, backups, availability). The benefit is far less effort than running a DB server yourself. The mainstays are Amazon RDS (relational) and Amazon DynamoDB (NoSQL).
4.2.1RDS and DynamoDB
- Amazon RDS: a managed relational (SQL) DB supporting MySQL, PostgreSQL, MariaDB, Oracle, SQL Server; Amazon Aurora is AWS’s high-performance MySQL/PostgreSQL-compatible engine. Good for tables, joins, fixed schema. Multi-AZ for HA, read replicas to scale reads.
- Amazon DynamoDB: NoSQL key-value/document, serverless, with a flexible schema and single-digit-millisecond latency at huge scale; no capacity planning or server management.
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